Heat Transfer and Exergy Analysis of a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger using PGW based ZnO Nanofluids

In this experimental work, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the chemical precipitation method, and nanoparticle structure morphology characterized through XRD SEM. Heat transfer exergetic characteristics then studied in a shell tube heat exchanger PGW-based nanofluids varying volume concentration nanofluid (shell side) flow rate at 6, 8, 10 12 litres/min. The hot water was fixed results show that improved by increasing rate. When 0.3 per cent, maximum enhancement of average coefficient 35.9 cent 40.2 respectively, comparison to base fluid. Exergy loss dimensionless exergy both increased with dropped substantially concentrations. increment effectiveness three different (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%) are 10.68%, 23.64%, 31.23% respectively. highest sustainability index (0.41) lowest environmental impact factor (2.42) observed when 0.3% 6